A. stage 1 B. automatic processes. Subconscious awareness can occur when people are awake, as well as when they are sleeping and dreaming. A. Mindfulness B. D. Leonard's drug tolerance had reached its limits and his US was confounded with his CS and D. It is a symptom of sleep apnea. B. wake up earlier than desired, sometimes several times a night. A. procedural memory According to the B. conceptualization. D. Daydreaming makes the mind completely idle and inactive. B. narcolepsy. A. behavior is a consequence of the conditioned stimulus (CS). D. habituation. B. stage 2 D. They interrupt others people's study or sleep. B. secondary Which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement? brain's activities. 72. D. Hypnosis, ________ meditation has beneficial effects on a variety of conditions, including depression, panic B. 12. True Statement (S) Drag Appropriate Answer (S) Here If Someone Is Afraid Of Being Hypnotized, The Hypnosis Will Probably Not Work. B. based on insight and generalizations. Which of the following is true of a night's sleep? D. motor reproduction. B. somnambulism. D. experiencing night terrors. C. Autobiographical memories are the simplest of all. Sleep spindles are defining characteristic of _____ sleep. D. conditioned oppression. B. operant conditioning Luke is most likely taking aspect of an experience. B. conditioned stimulus. As you study the vocabulary The baby cries C. Money C. wake up earlier than desired, sometimes several times a night. 114. Xanax is classified as a(n) C. Drug use among teens is associated with unplanned pregnancy, depression, and school-related difficulties. D. cognitive theory of dreaming. A. depressants. D. depressant. true. A. The fact that your mother experiences headaches when she discontinues the use of caffeine is an example of This technique D. dormant rhythm. Jennifer and Stacey go to different schools but study the same text books. A. metacognition. little Albert. WebIdentify the true and false statements about hypnosis. 129. C. working memory. C. glutamate Your little brother whines whenever he wants something. It has been found most useful in preparing people for anesthesia , enhancing the drug response, and reducing the required dosage. It is the end of the month and Cindy has several bills yet to pay, but she does not have much money left. 6. True: If someone is afraid of being hypnotized, the hypnosis will probably not work. students create for themselves? B. REM sleep is an active stage of sleep during which dreaming does not occur. D. Priming. D. Margaret will have difficulty with short-term memories. A. C.They interfere with other ongoing activities. people under hypnosis want to tell the truth: true or false. A. C. They decrease epinephrine in the brain's reward pathways. C. narcolepsy. B. WebQuestion: Identify a true statement about hypnosis. C. Somnambulisms/Night terrors subjects are always aware of everything that goes on around them: true or false. C. secondary reinforcement. Long-term potentiation is a concept that explains D. semantic memory/episodic memory, Which of the following involves memory for skills? Why do psychoactive drugs make people feel good? 39. B. episodic A. stimulant Depressants _____ whereas stimulants _____. It often takes less time than operant conditioning. Although you had never been to the Fancy Foods Restaurant in your town, you weren't at all What is psychological dependence and physical dependence of psychoactive drugs? between the two stimuli has been formed. D.They are considered to be conscious behaviors. The two hemispheres can no longer relay information back and forth. 96. Drug addiction occurs when C. Individuals in a hypnotic state show characteristics of people being in a relaxed waking state. If someone responds oddly to a stimulus (when no longer hypnotized) as a result of a hypnotist's suggestion, he or she will try to find a reasonable explanation for it. C. Generalizing _____ is a sleep disorder in which individuals stop breathing because the windpipe fails to open or because brain processes involved in respiration fail to work properly. It is likely that he is WebIdentify the true and false statements about hypnosis. Nolan and his wife were standing in the middle of the kitchen discussing vacation plans when he suddenly crashed to the floor in a deep REM sleep. C. Individuals in a hypnotic state are unreceptive to external suggestions. A. serotonin C. retrieving Compared with to dreams that occur during the REM stage, those that occur during the non-REM stage are B. What is the likely cause of these complaints? C. A stimulus is recognized and labeled in shallow processing. C. Stage 1 sleep/stage 3 and stage 4 sleep ________ involve sudden A. a drug no longer causes a person to get high, but they take it again. memories are accurate. A. working memory It involves a sudden, overpowering urge to sleep. B. melatonin C. activation-synthesis The tendency of animals to revert to intuitive behavior that interferes with learning is called Do we dream during each type of sleep? B. sleep apnea A. semantic memory example of a ________ task, whereas asking an eyewitness to identify a suspect on the basis of a lineup C. View B. C. fatigue. moves to long-term memory. C. sudden, uncontrollable urge to fall asleep. For her first lesson, her instructor models serving and backhand B. narcolepsy 70. C. It usually begins with reinforcement and ends with extinction. D. alcohol. D. negative punishment. C. life experiences stimulate and shape dreaming more than the theory acknowledges. D. Psychology and medicine recognize hypnosis as a legitimate process. How much Social Security taxes will be deducted from her salary in November? A. somniloquy. D. The term discovered memories avoids the negative connotations of the term recovered B. learned generalization C. He will want to drink more tequila right away. A. C. Martha improves her grades in English and Math so that her mom can take her shopping as Individuals in a hypnotic state show characteristics of people being in a relaxed waking state. C. stream of consciousness Lightning is associated with thunder and regularly precedes it. When circadian rhythms are disrupted (e.g., if we must adapt to a new time zone or have to switch from working the day shift to working the night shift), all of the major physiological functions listed above become desynchronized. C. Individuals in a hypnotic state are unreceptive to external suggestions. B. A. Discuss the nature of hypnosis, individual variations in hypnosis, and application of hypnosis. After someone wakes up from hypnosis, he or she may have involuntary reactions to a stimulus but not remember why. D. Marijuana can trigger increased sensitivity to sounds, tastes, smells, and colors. behavior is called Automatic processes are states of consciousness that require little attention and do not interfere with other ongoing activities. During a class lecture, Veronica fancies herself to be attending a Bon Jovi concert in Miami. B. Hypnotizability refers to the extent to which a person's responses are changed when he or she is hypnotized. Alcohol decreases the concentration of the neurotransmitter gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), which is widely distributed in many brain areas. Widespread areas of the cerebral cortex are disabled when individuals are in a hypnotic state. of divided attention suggests that watching TV while studying will ________ Elsa's exam performance. However, Belinda often finds herself referring to Jim as B. stimulant. Extinction B. "No awareness" is a state of consciousness that applies to a person who has been knocked out by a blow, anesthetized, or who has fallen into a deep, prolonged, unconscious state. D. They decrease a person's appetite for food and sex. Hypnosis is a changed state of awareness and increased relaxation that allows for improved focus and concentration. D. procedural memory, ________ is the activation of information that people already have in storage to help them B. negative reinforcement. D. long-term memory/procedural memory, George Miller's classic research showed that the average capacity of short-term is between B. missing class Sexual satisfaction C. dopamine C. Insight learning They increase epinephrine in the brain's reward pathways. B. the bell had become associated with food. Phoebe recently suffered a major fall in which she sustained brain injuries. WebHypnosis, also called hypnotherapy, is a state of deep relaxation and focused concentration. C. subconscious awareness In the context C. more than two drinks in a row Automatic processes require little attention and do not interfere with other ongoing activities. Blake smokes marijuana. B. the best subjects are people who have a reason to go under hypnosis: true or false. 31. _____ is an altered state of consciousness or psychological state of altered attention in which the individual is unusually receptive to suggestions. 25. WebAs opposed to a dependent variable, an independent variable is manipulated by the experimenters so that its effects may be determined. Individuals in a hypnotic state show characteristics of people being in a relaxed waking state. Punching in a number on a cell phone is one such example. true. C. sensory memory/long-term memory B. D. conditioned stimulus/unconditioned stimulus, ________ is the initial learning of the connection between the unconditioned stimulus and the C. the divided-consciousness view of hypnosis. C. periodic attacks of uncontrollable sleepiness. private experiences. Classical conditioning provides an explanation of fears. B. Semantic memory/Episodic memory Identify the true statement about automatic processes. Insomnia is a disorder involving WebA. If she misses her daily doses of coffee, she gets a headache. Hypnosis is a trance-like mental state in which people experience increased attention, concentration, and suggestibility. She recently began taking medication to help her sleep. Identify the true statement about controlled processes. B. implicit memory. D. the bell had become a conditioned response. C. Individuals in a hypnotic state are unreceptive to external suggestions. Gloria can't get through the day without several cups of coffee and energy drinks. Which of the following is true of opiates? D. recognition/recall. The cerebellum and ________ play an important role in implicit memory. B. latent learning. get good grades. Phoebe recently suffered a major fall in which she sustained brain injuries. C. increased tolerance. B. heroin B. C. self-actualization. B. GABA D. explicit. conditioning what led to Leonard's condition? where they were and what they were doing when they first learned of the terrorist attacks. D. insomnia. C. are the lowest or least alert state of human consciousness. Night terrors differ from nightmares in that night terrors encoding information? One set of studies has shown that many cells show increased production during sleep. D. serotonin dependence. C) It is known to negatively affect the performances of athletes. Multiple Choice A) It is useful in controlling pain during childbirth. C. negative reinforcement. D) It confuses witnesses, who end up providing inaccurate details about a crime. Elaine has D. She will suggest certain events or feelings she knows will occur, such as "Your eyes are getting tired.". B. attention. A. C. observational learning. the ________ after conditioning had occurred. C. They improve memory retention. C. They damage other people's property. D. caffeine/nicotine, 97. B. positive reinforcement. Manifest Content: The literal content of plays and as a result, she plays only that channel whenever she wants to listen to music. D. effect of time shifts on the circadian rhythm. C. getting into trouble with campus or local police binary consciousness. A. more emotional. D. implicit memory. Which category of drugs modify a person's perceptual experiences and produces visual images that. B. rehearsing Night terrors/ Somnambulisms Thus, when we see lightning, we A. Barney rapidly increases the sales of his product and ensures complete sale of his stock so It also is called hypnotherapy. Although dreams occur during both non-REM and REM stages, dreams are more frequently experienced in the REM stage. A. unreinforced learning that is not immediately reflected in behavior. D. positive punishment. Identify the true statement about sleepwalking. 17. Implicit memory has two subsystems: episodic memory and semantic memory. The United States has the lowest rate of adolescent drug use of any industrialized nation. A. Instinctive drift C. declarative memory This is an example of which of the following schedules A. D.They are considered to be conscious behaviors. B. occur during REM sleep. A. D. slightly increase, Multiple choice exams involve testing a student's ________ abilities, whereas essay exams involve B. the hypnotized person behaves the way he or she believes that a hypnotized person should behave. 118. B. a rabbit B. Physical/psychological According to activation-synthesis theory, dreaming occurs when the cerebral cortex synthesizes neural signals generated from activity in the lower part of the brain. A. dependence. Hypnosis can not be practiced on everyone, as usually only highly suggestible people respond to it. D. Extrasensory perception (ESP), 108. B. norepinephrine Kate, a long-time coffee drinker, complains of pounding headaches and lowered mood when she skips her coffee in the morning. Thus, sleep seems absolutely fundamental for survival. C. self-actualization C. hallucinogen. B. demonstrating automatic processing. A. Stacey's tests are based on recall. The effect of the heroin was increased because Leonard injected it in a strange environment D. excessively long sleep periods. D. narcotic. C. Keiko, who is daydreaming about her upcoming vacation this weekend The EEG (electroencephalogram) data of a hypnotized person indicates a predominance of alpha and beta waves. After someone wakes up from hypnosis, he or she may have involuntary reactions to a stimulus but not remember why. D. a loud noise. The social-cognitive-behavior view of hypnosis A pig shoves an object on the ground instead of learning to carry it in his mouth. B. B. hypothalamus 67. B. theory of relativity. D. an altered state of consciousness. B. sudden uncontrollable seizures. A. sleep apnea. Which of the following neurotransmitters plays an important role in addiction? B. daydreaming. If she misses her daily doses of coffee, she gets a headache. What type of long-term memory has primarily 22. a lot of people can be hypnotized: true or false. In the context of memory processes, which of the following scenarios best illustrates the process of 41. Developmental psychologists have used a procedure called the false belief task to examine children's Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder in which individuals Moesha is most likely suffering from D. spontaneous recovery, Watson and Rayner used ________ along with an unconditional stimulus in order to condition fear in According to the American Psychological Association's Div. The hippocampus, the temporal lobes in the cerebral cortex, and other areas of the limbic system called ________, in which the organism, exposed to uncontrollable aversive stimuli, learns that it has no Lea is in Heather reported a boost in energy and a sense of well-being after taking a drug. A. recall/recognition D. automatic processing. A. dietary changes. B. hypnagogic reverie B. fixed-ratio stimulus. a stream of consciousness that consists of a continuous flow of changing sensations, images, thoughts, and feelings. 13. D. hypnagogic reverie, Controlled processes C. implicit but not explicit memories to help them reach the end of the maze more quickly. subjects are always aware of everything that goes on around them: true or false. C. hallucinogen B. Chunking A. fall unexpectedly into a deep sleep in the middle of daily activities. A. Self-actualization D. Stage 1 sleep/stage 3 and stage 4 sleep. stimulus (US) is on its way. Which of the following disorders is characterized by the temporary cessation of breathing while asleep? they are rewarded every time with fish after they successfully complete their act. period of time. C. the bell had become an unconditioned stimulus for food. She loves the music it C. conditioned stimulus. B. depressant She says she needs the caffeine to function normally. D. Michael, who began drinking in graduate school at age 25, C. Aaron, who began drinking at age 12 with the neighborhood kids, 85. testing ________ abilities. C. hypnosis. A. somniloquy. _____ involves attaining a peaceful state of mind in which thoughts are not occupied by worry. Hypnosis has been officially endorsed as a therapeutic method by medical, psychiatric, dental, and psychological associations throughout the world. D. displacement. Lucy sustained a brain injury in a car accident. A. among older adults. A. our conscious thoughts and feelings. 105. A. C. Transience D. corpus callosum. A. For a moment you wonder if he's dead, but suddenly he snorts and resumes snoring. C. life experiences stimulate and shape dreaming more than the theory acknowledges. Which of the following is true of brain structures and memory functions in long-term memory? An individual's autobiographical memory forms the core of the individual's B. throughout the day. C. caffeine D. subconscious awareness. B. episodic memory. They aggravate body pain. During a class lecture, Veronica fancies herself to be attending a Bon Jovi concert in Miami. B. B. need more conscious effort than controlled processes. Miranda is learning to play tennis. D. psychological dependence. Tina's eyes water every time she chops onions. however, a psychology student, quickly surmise that the bears had most likely undergone B. unconditioned stimulus. replaced with the term discovered memories? D. the hippocampus and the temporal lobes in the cerebral cortex play a role in implicit A. increase memory performance. A. amphetamine another drug user. D. no awareness. A. unconditioned response (UR). B. neutral stimuli become associated with unlearned, involuntary responses. Latent learning REM dreams are typically longer, more vivid, more physically active, more emotionally charged, and less related to waking life than non-REM dreams. by delta waves. D. a behavior is no longer reinforced and decreases in frequency. D. Neodissociated/dissociated. Its a type of mind-body medicine. house. Drug addiction occurs when D. Working memory's storage capacity is virtually unlimited. A. a white rat C. learned helplessness A. will result in longer hours of sleep. her sleep. C. William James's theory D. observational learning, Elaine is writing a paper about reactions to the tragedy that occurred at the Twin Towers on D. bumblebee. C. Aaron, who began drinking at age 12 with the neighborhood kids memory, not in explicit memory. You don't censor yourself or B. automatic processes. A. proactive interference. C. Hallucinogens According to cognitive theory, since dreaming involves information processing and memory, dreams are essentially subconscious forms of cognitive processing. Homer's therapist is displaying an interest in C. They depress the central nervous system's activity. C. higher-level consciousness 30. C. random neurological activity. D. Your sister bumps into a door when she has a high fever. the best subjects are people who have a reason to go under hypnosis: true or false. 102. Your friend wonders ________ are frightening dreams that awaken a dreamer from REM sleep. B. somniloquy. The truth is that stage hypnotism is essentially a theatrical performance and has about as much in common with bona fide clinical hypnosis as many Hollywood movies have with real life. C. H.M.'s procedural memory suffered the most damage. 35. stomach enzymes. D. mental structuring. C. The capacity of the visuo-spatial sketchpad is limited. been trained to perform this behavior through The two hemispheres can no longer relay information back and forth. D. Organisms learn to act by imitating others. The doctor has prescribed Xanax (a depressant drug that reduces anxiety and induces relaxation). The cerebellum cannot hold on to information long-term. _____ refers to individuals' understanding that they and others think, feel, perceive, and have private experiences. D. unconditioned stimulus (US), Which of the following is the best example of an unconditioned response? D. unconditioned response. remember new information better and faster. B. Spontaneous recovery REM sleep is initiated by a rise in _____, which activates the cerebral cortex while the rest of the brain remains relatively inactive. hours _____, such as Nembutal and Seconal, are depressant drugs that decrease central-nervous-system activity. C. Daniel is writing an essay on the dinosaurs he learned about last week. 77. C. She is demonstrating incubation. B. have difficulty falling asleep at the hour at which they would like. They are most often used in suicide attempts. C. latent learning A. classical conditioning D. semantic, . accurate? Which of the following statements is true of daydreaming? A. C. somnambulism. true. memory. 123. What is the definition of a binge-drinking episode? B. barbiturate WebActivation-Synthesis Theory: Dreams are caused by random neural firings combined with memories. Altered states of consciousness can be produced by C. procedural His A. discovery learning. D. the consequences of behavior produce change in the probability of the occurrence of the Webtrue. C. Alcohol is a type of hallucinogen. D. A rat learns to run a maze for a cheese food reward instead of a peanut-butter reward. D. Aversive conditioning. Identify the true statement about barbiturates. 107. A. unconditioned stimulus, unconditioned response, conditioned stimulus, conditioned response B. negative punishment. 7. A. Alex, a five-year-old boy, is reciting his alphabets. Which of the following is true of the visuo-spatial sketchpad? A. do not require selective attention. Automatic processes B. chunking. D. hypnosis involves a special state of consciousness in which consciousness is split into separate components. B. what was going to happen because you C. narcolepsy. A. using Miller's framework for memory retrieval. Your English professor gives you some advice on how to cure writer's block. Lucy suffers from Which of the following is an example of instinctive drift? A. barbiturate B. damaging property WebA. A. flashbulb memory Which disorder has Jerry most likely developed? C. sleeping. After Someone Wakes Up From Hypnosis, He Or She May Have Involuntary Reactions To A Stimulus But Not Remember Why. She reclines in her chair and within minutes she falls asleep with her head jerking upward at short intervals. C. dopamine dependence. Which of the following is true of a fixed-ratio schedule in operant conditioning? B. during non-REM sleep. B. Freud's psychoanalytic theory Which of the following is true regarding learning through operant conditioning? C. hallucinogens Night terrors/ Somnambulisms Jacob warns her that repeated use of this drug could have lasting negative effects on the neurotransmitter Alcohol is a type of hallucinogen. 65. Child Development: An Active Learning Approach. A. Tranquilizers C. They increase dopamine levels in the brain's reward pathways. Medical tests revealed increased activity of her central nervous system. 95. A. nondeclarative memory WebHypnosis, also called hypnotherapy, is a state of deep relaxation and focused concentration. A. stimulants According to the Atkinson-Shiffrin theory, information can last up to a lifetime in WebQuestion: Identify a true statement about hypnosis. A. thalamus and limbic system. A. B. long-term memory/short-term memory remembering how. D. intermediary, ________ is considered a secondary rienforcer. He closes the window so that he can no longer hear the loud music. B. lower-level consciousness The active ingredient in marijuana is THC, which specifically affects serotonin. General 92. While attending a lecture, Lea starts yawning and fights hard to stay awake. Yet, she is still able to talk, know D. stage 3 and stage 4. A. the same area of the brain is involved in the functioning of implicit and explicit memory. Time line therapy D. positive punishment. D. missing class. 66. must decay and make room for new memories. A. D. night terrors. B. Elaboration Your psychology assignment is to observe and list any behaviors of your relatives that indicate A. insight learning 2. C. Explicit memory/Implicit memory _____ is a state of being conscious of what is going on, whereas _____ is a physiological state of being engaged with the environment. D. latent learning, ________ is a form of problem solving in which the organism develops a sudden understanding of a B. Sophia, who began drinking at age 65 According to decay theory, why do memories fade? Altered states of consciousness can be produced by C. Dreams are viewed as dramatizations of general life concerns that are similar to relaxed daydreams under the cognitive theory. Moesha is most likely suffering from behavior. B. Opiates 58. 73. Lower levels of awareness include automatic processes and daydreaming. B. retrograde amnesia. A. psychological addiction A. B. A. vigilance. C. encoding B. discovery learning. C. daydreaming. Insomnia is a disorder involving Garrett pulled an "all-nighter" before his chemistry exam. A. marijuana/cocaine C. working memory. D. reorganizing information that exceeds the 7 plus or minus 2 rule into smaller more D. lacking awareness. C. Individuals normally spend about 20 percent of sleep in light sleep. C. It is derived from natural components of plants. A. ambiguity effect D. the result of mental activities such as thinking and reasoning. A. higher-level consciousness 115. 127. B. stage 2 sleep. A. in the lowest level of sleep. She will minimize distractions in her office and make Mitchell comfortable. A. Psychoanalysis She has difficulty falling A. to bed, her memories of what she had done that day are lost. B. a logical information-processing system with memory buffer, short-term and long-term storage, and a complex mechanism for directing attention.