However, gains in learning that can be attributed to the college academic curriculum remain clouded by a lack of comparison groups and a lack of clarity in curriculum alignment. Moreover, it permits the researcher to apply multiple approaches to his/her subject, to collaborate across philosophical boundaries, and thus to significantly enhance the level of rigor in qualitative research. It also provides an accurate representation of the population studied. management practice equivalent of having Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory & Practice, 17(1), 88-104. Further, researchers have also outlined different criteria as hallmarks of high-quality qualitative research. The first of Merrill's five principles states, "Learning is promoted when learners are engaged in solving real-world [authentic] problems" (Merrill, 2002, p. 45). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40299-021-00619-0, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40299-021-00619-0. Paradigmatic controversies, contradictions and emerging confluences. Attributes of rigor and quality and suggested best practices for qualitative research design as they relate to the steps of designing, conducting, and reporting qualitative research in health professions educational scholarship are presented. However the game designs need to balance pedagogical requirements with an elusive fun-factor, with the second aspect being an issue even in the high-profile entertainment industry. 2023 Feb;19(1):92-97. doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2022.10.034. Such debates would not only benefit the group of qualitative researchers themselves, but primarily assist in augmenting the well-being and vivacity of the entire discipline. Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (2005). What is instructional design theory and Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Chan TM, Ting DK, Hall AK, Murnaghan A, Thoma B, McEwen J, Yarris LM. A., & Birchler, A. Reframing rigor: Implication for institutional practice and policy. The readers of technical documentation manuals do not read those manuals in linear order. Teachers are encouraged to use cognitive tools. multimedia. (Ed. Scientific rigor involves minimizing bias in subject selection and data analysis. You don't know. Good qualitative research. (2014). Monrouxe, L. V., & Rees, C. E. (2020). I hope that they spark dialog and debate about criteria for excellent qualitative research and the underpinnings of the discipline more broadly and, therefore, help improve the quality of a qualitative study. The first in a three-part series (Paper 2 and Paper 3) from this invited author, this QM white paper provides the reader with background on the concept and use of the term academic rigor, along with a comprehensive definition of the term. Google Scholar. Once the data are collected, to what degree are the analytic techniques likely to ensure the discovery of the full range of relevant and salient themes and topics? Developing a student conception of academic rigor. Common themes include setting and enforcing high expectations and standards for academic performance (Draeger et al., 2013; Graham & Essex, 2001; Schnee, 2008; Whitaker, 2016); crafting learning experiences that require active cognitive engagement (Draeger et al., 2013; Graham & Essex, 2001; Schnee, 2008; Whitaker, 2016; Wraga, 2010); grounding learning experiences in the knowledge, skills, and abilities that learners will need in their personal and professional lives (Draeger et al., 2013; Whitaker, 2016; Wraga, 2010); requiring learners to spend time engaging with academic content beyond time spent in class (Draeger et al., 2013; Draeger et al., 2015); and providing academic support for learners as they engage with content and in learning experiences (Graham & Essex, 2001; Schnee, 2008; Whitaker, 2016). something that distinguishes the successful companies from other 2018 survey of community college presidents: A study by Inside Higher Ed and Gallup. 3 In Table 1 we define these criteria along with an additional marker of quality, reflexivity. Utilizing heuristics (e.g., an institutions prestige or selectivity) as a proxy measure for determining what a college graduate learned and believing that a college degree is sufficient regardless of the learning underlying it (Labaree, 1997) pose threats to academic rigor in the learning context, making it appear as an unnecessary impediment of students progress. The power of testing memory: Basic research and implications for educational practice. With source, Papastergiou (2009) revealed that "DGBL (Digital Game-Based Learning) approach was both more effective in promoting students' knowledge of computer memory concepts and more motivational for students than the non-gaming approach". Merely stating that academic rigor exists or offering as evidence of learning static, indirect artifacts (e.g., a list of curriculum or course learning objectives, summative course grade, grade point average, standardized test score) is insufficient to demonstrate academic rigor. I recommend that such lists and guiding principles may assist in pinpointing the markers of high-quality qualitative research. MIS Quarterly, 23(1), 6793. Seale (1999) also points out the significance of methodological cognizance in research studies. The fundamental idea of systems, such as corporations and Based on the screening and eligibility, 45 research articles were identified that offered explicit criteria for evaluating the quality of qualitative research and were found to be relevant to this review. Studies in Higher Education, 42(12), 2284-2300. doi: 10.1080/03075079.2016.1143925. Klein, H. K., & Myers, M. D. (1999). Replicability means obtaining consistent results across studies aimed at answering the same scientific question using new data or other new computational methods. Techniques researchers use to achieve confirmability include: Reflective research produces new insights, which lead the reader to trust the credibility of the findings and applicability of the study. These are: truth-value (credibility); applicability (transferability); consistency (dependability); and neutrality (confirmability). Accessibility The clear challenge is to identify what questions are most important for establishing research rigor (trustworthiness) and to provide examples of how such questions could be answered for those using qualitative data. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77(6), 1121-1134. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. Researchers need to be cautious about making claims that some data collection or data analysis techniques are more rigorous than others. Determine the type of plagiarism by At last, the review ends with the concluding remarks presented in Sect. Tort-Nasarre G, Pollina-Pocallet M, Ferrer Suquet Y, Ortega Bravo M, Vilafranca Cartagena M, Artigues-Barber E. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being. The use of expressions (for instance, 80% of all respondents agreed that or only one of the interviewees mentioned that) may also quantify qualitative findings (Stenfors et al., 2020). Just as academic rigor requires multiple perspectives to inform its definition, it also requires multiple lines of evidence to demonstrate its existence. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): A 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. Today, however, learning as the primary goal of higher education is being questioned as many struggle to identify what the purpose of higher education is or how it applies to real world and work contexts (Francis, 2018; Jaschik & Lederman, 2018; Labaree, 1997). Copyright HarperCollins Publishers Definition of 'research' research References: Epub 2021 Jul 24. Improving Quality: Strategies. She is the Graduate Coordinator for the Master of Science in Educational Psychology program. (Dormant, 1986, p. 238). Innovative Higher Education, 40(3), 215-228. doi: 10.1007/s1075 5-014-9308-1, Francis, C. (2018). Using a systematic search strategy, published . In the case below, the original source material is given along Perspectives on Psychological Science, 1, 181-210. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-6916.2006.00012.x, Roohr, K. C., Liu, H., & Liu, O. L. (2017). Rigorous (trustworthy) research is research that applies the appropriate research tools to meet the stated objectives of the investigation. (2003). Squire states that traditional curriculum vary based on the school levels, which do not support skills that might be gained through using games. Barker, C., & Pistrang, N. (2005). Education for Information, 22(2), 6375. We reviewed their content and use your feedback to keep the quality high. Original Source Material This article reviews common . Hays, D. G., & McKibben, W. B. Tracy argues that high-quality qualitative work should formulate criteria focusing on the worthiness, relevance, timeliness, significance, morality, and practicality of the research topic, and the ethical stance of the research itself. Quality in qualitative research. However, if used uncritically and recklessly concerning the research context, these checklists may be counterproductive. Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (2000). Harper Paperbacks. Levitt, H. M., Morrill, Z., Collins, K. M., & Rizo, J. L. (2021). Yet, researchers ought to stop associating standards and rigor only with confirmatory and hypothesis-driven research. Hence, it is more likely that they would prefer to adopt a broad set of criteria. Research in Higher Education, 12(4), 317-333. Attributes of rigorous research can be shared across subjects of Avoid the most common mistakes and prepare your manuscript for journal In addition, a series of questions have been put forward in the literature to assist a reviewer (who is proficient in qualitative methods) for meticulous assessment and endorsement of qualitative research (Morse, 2003). This work presents a broad review of the criteria for good qualitative research. A stability bias in human memory: Overestimating remembering and underestimating learning. The following keywords (and their combinations using Boolean connectives OR/AND) were adopted for the literature search: qualitative research, criteria, quality, assessment, and validity. With source, Merrill (2002) notes that the learning task should represent the task that the learner will encounter in the real world following instruction (the task should be authentic). Built to last: Student Version With source, A learning theory is made up of a set of constructs linking observed changes in performance with whatever is thought to bring about those changes. (2021). As Bjork and Bjork (2011) argued, we can be misled by our subjective impressions when we seek to identify ways that we learn best (p. 57). Retrieved from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/he.20273. A meta-analytic review of the distribution of practice effect: Now you see it, now you dont.
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